Although, governments and companies push hard to begin investing even before having clear solutions. The oil extracted from the seeds of jatropha is known as biodiesel. Jatropha curcas is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae, that is native to the american tropics, most likely mexico and central america. July 2006 and updated august 2006 table of contents.
Jatropha curcas oil was extracted using nhexane as the solvent in the soxhlet. A technique to produce biodiesel from crude jatropha curcas seed oil cjco having high free fatty acids 15%ffa has been developed. Pax to be the most primitive form of the jatropha genus. Jatropha curcas oil characterization and its significance. High iodine value of jatropha are caused by high content of unsaturation fatty acid such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. Jatropha plants also generate large amounts of fallen leaves during the cold or drought season, but few studies have. Owing to the toxicity of jatropha seeds, they are not used by humans. Chemical analysis of jatropha curcas oil item fatty acids composition % acid value 38.
Kinetics of transesterification on jatropha curcas oil to. Chemical composition, biodiesel potential and uses of. The seeds of jatropha curcas contain the highly poisonous toxalbumin curcin, a lectin dimer. Jatropha plantation,jatropha seeds oil supplier,india. The lipid fraction of jatropha oil seed were extracted and analyzed for their chemical and physical properties such as acid value, percentage free fatty acids. In this study, the biodiesel oil was produced by jatropha curcas oil jco through two stages process.
The oil can be combusted as fuel without being refined. The multiple traditional uses of jatropha curcas, as medicinal, nonfoodvegetable oil and auxiliary plant, have been well exploited in the tropics and subtropics for hundreds of years. Tremendous progress in jatropha domestication and breeding has been achieved during the past decade. Manufacturers of jatropha crop,its the wonder plant produces seeds with an oil content of 37%. Jatropha oil is an environmentally safe, costeffective renewable source of nonconventional energy and a promising substitute for diesel, kerosene and other fuels. Biodiesel production from jatropha curcas, waste cooking. Originally, jatropha curcas was native tree in south america and was induced to thailand about 200 years ago by portuguese who.
Jatropha curcas is a small oleaginous fruit bearing tree from the euphorbiaceae family that thrives in warm weather and can grow in barren soil. Studies on the control of snail vectors of fascioliasis. Description of the plant, distribution, ecology jatropha curcas l. Jatropha curcas linn is commonly known as physic nut is a nonfood bioenergy plant and currently considered as alternative substitute to fossil. Jatropha curcas seed have about 3240% valuable oil used to produce biofuel, therefore, it could be the source for biodiesel production particularly in arid and semiarid regions. Jatropha curcas oil from national biofuel corporation, new delhi was used as the raw oil. Clitocybe tabescens root rot, colletotrichum gloeosporioides leaf spot, and phakopsora jatrophicola rust. It is originally native to the tropical areas of the americas from mexico to argentina, and has been spread throughout the world in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, becoming naturalized or invasive in many areas. Domestication and breeding of jatropha curcas l trends in. Oct 19, 2009 simple processing of old jatropha curcas seeds by phil dirkse, oliver haas and meg rich. Quality assessment profile of jatropha curcas l seed oil. The method by which oil is extracted from jatropha curcas will also play a role in oil yields shah et al. Jatropha seeds during storage have an effect on the quality viz. Simple processing of old jatropha curcas seeds by phil dirkse, oliver haas and meg rich.
The genus jatropha contains approximately 170 known. Jatropa curcas belongs to the family euphorbiaceae. Jatropha is a tropical plant and can be grown in low to high rainfall and diverse soil types, but the plant is susceptible to freezes. Jatropha has considerable potential for various uses including biofuels. Good quality crude jatropha oil has a rather low phosphatide content jatropha curcas is also being studied for use as a carbon sequestration plant in arid regions. Ffa content of the extracted crude oil for biodiesel production. Most research on jatropha curcas for biofuel production has focused on mechanised plantation agriculture. Jatropha curcas is currently attracting much attention as an oilseed crop for biofuel, as jatropha can grow under climate and soil conditions that are unsuitable for food production. Sequence analysis of the genome of an oilbearing tree. The species has been advocated for extensive plantations on degraded wasteland throughout the world. The oil found in its seeds can be converted into a high quality diesel fuel.
The seeds are the primary source from which the oil is extracted. Much like other members of the family euphorbiaceae, members of the genus jatropha contain several toxic compounds. An introduction to jatropha curcas n ravi menon its oil for commercial use even though this shrub known as jarah in malaysia had been flourishing in malaysian villages from the portuguese days. Biodiesel production from jatropha oil jatropha curcas with high free fatty acids. Agrobacterium tumefaciensmediated transformation of biofuels plant jatropha curcas using kanamycin selection. Profitability of investment in jatropha may be contingent on the amount of the plant that is used and the means by. The oil extracted from the seeds is nonedible and is used in making soaps, cosmetics, colors, candles and wool. Development of a new biobased insulating fluid from. This paper investigates the prospect of making of biodiesel from jatropha oil. The major goal of jatropha cultivation, therefore, is. Domestication and breeding of jatropha curcas l trends. This feedstock has a high concentration of free fatty. Use of carbonized fallen leaves of jatropha curcas l.
Jatropha herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients. Characteristic and composition of jatropha curcas oil seed. Quality assessment profile of jatropha curcas l seed oil from nigeria abstract this study investigated the nutritional and chemical properties of jatropha curcas l seed oil from abia state, nigeria using standard analytical methods. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 104552 with original publication details. The iodine values of jatropha oil seed of suggest their use in. Nevertheless many issues require to be address before large plantations start. Jatropha curcas, storage duration, oil yield, free fatty acid, moisture content. Alove vera, tevia, atavari, swagandha and also provides services of.
Jatropha plant,jatropha curcas seeds,india jatropha bio. The plant that is generally cultivated for the purpose of extracting jatropha oil is jatropha curcas. Pdf biodiesel production from jatropha curcas crude oil. Good quality crude jatropha oil has a rather low phosphatide content biodiesel tree, for energy production and other uses in developing countries mike benge, senior agroforestry officer, usaid ret. Physic nut oil was used in engines in segou, mali, during world war ii. Good quality crude jatropha oil has a rather low phosphatide content free fatty acid content comparable to that of crude palm oil. Biodiesel production from jatropha curcas crude oil using znosio2 photocatalyst for free fatty acids esterification. This project was done as part of the olin college renewable energy c. Jcl is a tropical species native to mexico and central america, but is widely distributed in wild or semi cultivated stands in latin america, africa, india and southeast asia. The latex of jatropa has anticancerous properties, roots act as an antidote for snakebite. Jatropha curcas oil was observed to have yields in the range of 90. A hectare of jatropha curcas produces 1,892 liters of oil about 6. It burns with clear smokefree flame, tested successfully as fuel for simple diesel engine. Jatropha is a genus of nearly 175 species of shrubs, lowgrowing plants, and trees.
Being an agricultural product, the properties of crude jatropha curcas oil cjco and the biodiesel produced from cjco are region specific. Natural vegetable oils and animal fats are pressed to obtain crude oil which contains free fatty acids, phos pholipids, sterols, water, odorants and. Continuous catalystfree production of esters from jatropha. Proximate composition results show it is rich in protein 29. Crude jatropha curcas oil also called hell oil, which contains 2. Jcl is a multipurpose small tree or large shrub and is found throughout the tropical region. Keywordsbiodiesel, transesterification, nigerian jatropha curcas oil, biofuel. It can be cultivate in stony, gradient sandy oil and in the land of tiny deepness. The esters of vegetables oil animal fats are known as biodiesel.
Names of jatropha in various languages of the world are also given. The problem with processing these lowcost oils and fats is that they often contain large amounts of free fatty acids ffas that cannot be converted into biodiesel using an alkaline catalyst 6, 7. Species in other sections evolved from the physic nut or. Characteristic and composition of jatropha curcas oil seed from.
Since jatropha is inedible, it does not compete with food crops. It is perennial shrub belongs to euphorbiaceae family same as rubber and cassava trees 2,3. Jatropha curcas in vitro propagation penn state harrisburg. Profitability of investment in jatropha may be contingent on the amount of the plant that is used and the means by which those parts are turned into fuel. Media in category jatropha curcas the following 181 files are in this category, out of 181 total. Jatropha oil can be converted to biodiesel by chemical reaction called transesterification. The genus jatropha is distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics growning in marginal lands and is a potential biodiesel crop worldwide. Biodiesel production from jatropha oil and its characterization. Jcl has been propagated as unique and potential tropical plant for augmenting renewable energy sources due to its several merits for which it deserves to be considered as sole candidate in the tangible and intangible benefits of ecology and environment. Assessment of the potential of jatropha curcas, biodiesel tree, for energy production and other uses in developing countries mike benge, senior agroforestry officer, usaid ret. However, discussions of jatropha as a biodiesel feedstock are actually means a particular species of the plant, jatropha curcas. Assessment of the potential of jatropha curcas, biodiesel. The properties of jatropha curcas seed oil from seven different. With depleting coal and oil reserves, attention is turning to the use of alternative renewable sources of energy.
The plant is indigenous to parts of central america, however it has spread to other tropical and subtropical regions in africa and asia. In these seeds, it can be found 7% of water, between 28% and 38% of oil and 55%. The iodine values of jatropha curcas place them in the semidrying oil group. From seed to oil processing of jatropha curcas youtube.
The fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography for removal of free fatty proceedings of the world congress on engineering and computer science 2007 wcecs 2007, october 2426, 2007, san francisco, usa. Pdf biodiesel production from jatropha oil jatropha. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in jatropha. Biodiesel production from jatropha curcas oil article pdf available in international journal of chemical sciences 94. The high ffa level of jcjo was reduced to less than 1% by a twostep pretreatment process. In the light of the rampant crisis, jatropha has received significance as a source of usable biodiesel. Breeding, friut setting concentration, harvest equipment and the use of solid residues are possible keys. In this context, the use of jatropha curcas oil as a raw material may be of great interest, as it is a nonedible oil, derived from a perennial plant, with a high oil content in the seed and good productivity per hectare pramanik et al. It is reported that jatropha oil can be utilized as a fuel with diesel engine directly or with slight modification of the engine. Its considerable potential as an oil crop for biofuel purposes at relatively low costs and modest demands on the local agroecosystem has received much.
In fact, jatropha has not really been domesticated. In this work studies were carried out to produce biodiesel from crude jatropha curcas oil with a having high free fatty acid. Jatropha is a wildly growing hardy plant in arid and semiarid regions of the country on degraded soils having low fertility and moisture. Description of jatropha curcas, its origin and use species description. Jatropha plant,jatropha curcas,jatropha seeds,jatropha. It is also essential to titrate the oil to find out how much free fatty acid. Pdf biodiesel production from jatropha curcas oil researchgate. An introduction to jatropha curcas malaysian palm oil board. The oil cake is used in making plastics and synthetic. Jatropha curcas is a plant of fast growing species and well known specifically for its tolerance to almost most tropical climate and soil types, hence it is suitable for land conservation. Jatropha oil to run local diesel engines converted to run on pure jatropha oil, as well as for the local.
Introduction interest in biodiesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines has increased in recent years due to. However, little is known about jatropha, and there are a number of challenges to be overcome. Jatropha can be considered a secondgeneration biofuel plant that may provide a portion of the fuel supply. Oil from jatropha has been used as cooking fuel and in soap and cosmetic manufacturing in ancient times. Producing biodiesel from high free fatty acid jatropha curcas oil. The uses of are various parts of jatropa plant are well known to indian rural population from ages. Jatropha curcas oil characterization and its significance for. Jatropha curcas is a droughtresistant plant, that grows well in the harshest of conditions and poorest of soils. How jatropha is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format.
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